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Assignment 3: Rich Multimedia Lesson

2023-11-24 / addifowler / 0 Comments

Addi Fowler, Maya El-Lakany, Nicole Campbell & Skye Rohani

For our multimedia undertaking, we directed our attention towards the thematic exploration of trees. The impetus behind this selection was grounded in the profound expertise of one of our group members, coupled with a shared interest among the team. Significantly, Maya had previously curated an instructive lesson on trees for her Module 4 blog. Building upon this groundwork, we collectively resolved to delve more profoundly into the subject, elevating her initial lesson into a dynamic video and extending it into a comprehensive project.

To start off, we created a lesson plan following the techniques we had learned through Module 4:

Lesson Plan:

Overview

This week, students will be learning about trees. They are essential for maintaining the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, providing habitats for various species, preventing soil erosion, and providing resources crucial for human survival and well-being. Trees are part of the science curriculum and are required by the British Columbia Grade 3 curriculum. Last week students learned about plants, providing a basis as to what trees are and their importance. Next week students will learn about the environment, which trees are an important member of.

Lesson Objectives

By the end of the lesson:

Learners will be able to identify the different parts of a tree.
Learners will be able to name the different types of trees.
Learners will be able to identify trees in nature.
Learners will understand the importance of trees on our planet and in our ecosystem.

Read/Watch

Students can watch this video and read “The Busy Tree” by Jennifer Ward if they would like extra information on our lesson.

Content

The teacher will review the different parts of a tree by showing a real example.
The teacher will explain the two types of trees.
The teacher will explain how trees provide oxygen and how this affects people and the planet.
The teacher will explain how leaves, wood, and food are harvested from trees to provide humans with resources.
The teacher will explain how animals use trees for homes and food.

Application

Students will complete both H5P learning activities (Structure of a Tree and Word Search) to test their knowledge of the topics.

Students and teachers will walk around the school grounds and identify trees as well as each type.

Students and teachers will walk around the school and identify where and how trees are being used (food, wood, etc.).

Reflection

Students discuss their findings from home the following day with 2-3 other students and they will answer the following questions in their group:

What was the most surprising find?
How do you think trees affect your life day to day?
What types of trees did you see around your home? Why do you think this is?

Afterwards the teacher will lead a classroom discussion on their findings.

To Do This Week

Watch the video “Trees for Kids” (extra)
Read the book “The Busy Tree” by Jennifer Ward (extra)
Complete H5P activity: Word Search
Complete worksheet activity: Structure of a Tree
Identify three ways trees are used in and around your home
Have a discussion with a group of 3-4 student

Following this, Nicole designed a story board and script based on the things we wanted to teach/showcase in our video.

Storyboard/ Script:

The creation of this script and storyboard involved a thorough examination of previous module readings, media resources, multimedia materials, blog posts, and assignments. Our decision to focus on the topic of “trees,” a subject previously explored by Maya in Modules 1 and 4, significantly streamlined our workflow. In Module 1: Theories of Multimedia Learning, Maya diligently outlined the pre-storyboarding principles considered in our storyboard:

Storyboarding encompasses a wide range of intricacies, serving as an essential guide throughout the video production and editing processes. This specific storyboard places a strong emphasis on detail, incorporating elements such as on-screen text, photos, and narration to facilitate the filming of the script. Our storyboarding process is informed by a collection of Mayer’s Principles, including:

Limited Capacity (Cognitive Load Theory): Mayer’s theory recognizes the limitations of learners’ cognitive capacity and addresses the challenges posed by cognitive load (Mayer, 2012). This storyboard meticulously manages the script to prevent overload and maintain information efficiency.
Dual Coding Theory: Mayer’s CTML acknowledges the effectiveness of integrating both visual and verbal information, aligning with the core principles of dual coding (Mayer, 2012). The storyboard seamlessly incorporates both narrative elements and visual components, in accordance with Mayer’s Dual Coding Theory.
Active Processing: Mayer underscores the significance of active processing, emphasizing that we develop cohesive mental representations by actively filtering, selecting, organizing, and integrating information (Mayer, 2012). The organization of this storyboard follows a coherent sequence for the integration of each point. This deliberate engagement stimulates the audience to engage in profound reflection on the speech’s content, encouraging them to contemplate their responses. As a result, it amplifies their attention and deepens their comprehension.
Extraneous Cognitive Load: This storyboard adheres to the coherence principle by consistently staying on topic and including only relevant information in the table of contents.
Intrinsic Cognitive Load: The process of pretraining lays a solid foundation for group members to facilitate a smooth filming process. To manage intrinsic cognitive load effectively, I adopted a meticulous approach to segmentation. Our storyboard is presented in a structured table format comprising nine sections, ensuring concise textual content. By proceeding with this storyboard, we aim to adhere to the modality principle, voice principle, and image principle. This will involve human narration of the storyboard and script, complemented by visual elements. Notably, our emphasis on social cues, characterized by polite and natural speech, exemplifies the application of the Personalization Principle.
Germane Cognitive Load: This storyboard equips the filming team to maintain a clear script devoid of unnecessary information, thereby minimizing germane cognitive load.

By integrating Mayer’s Principles in our storyboard, we aim to create an inclusive learning environment that enhances support and flexibility to meet the diverse needs of all learners.

Additionally to our storyboard, we also created an HP5 activity for our users, as well as a worksheet just to add in some supplemental activities.

HP5 Word Search

Tree Worksheet

Following our storyboard, we began to put everything together. Skye and Maya spent some time out in nature filming the lesson and putting all of the pieces together, and Addi spent the time editing in the correct order and adding the text and captions to the screen. After all of the steps together, we came to our final product.

Our Multimedia Lesson Video:

Group Reflection

The decision to center our lesson around the theme of “trees” was intentional. Recognizing that trees are a universal and vital aspect of our environment, we aimed to create content that would resonate with a diverse audience. By choosing a topic with broad appeal, we sought to ensure that our lesson would be inclusive, catering to a wide range of learners with different interests and backgrounds. Inclusivity, for us, was not just about accessibility but also about crafting content that could engage and captivate learners from various perspectives.

Our approach to developing the storyboard and script was deeply rooted in Mayer’s principles of multimedia learning. The attention to cognitive load, dual coding theory, and active processing was not just an academic exercise but a deliberate effort to create a learning experience that aligns with evidence-based practices. For instance, considering the limited capacity of learners, we structured the script to prevent overload while maintaining information efficiency. The incorporation of visual and verbal elements, in line with dual coding theory, aimed to provide a well-rounded learning experience. By emphasizing active processing, we intended to stimulate our audience to engage deeply with the content, encouraging reflection and comprehension.

Although small, the decision to integrate H5P activities, particularly the Word Search, was a conscious choice to add an interactive layer to our lesson. This went beyond merely following a trend; it was about recognizing the diverse learning styles of our audience. As we have learned through this process – interactive elements have the potential to engage learners actively, making the learning experience more dynamic and participatory. In doing so, we not only adhered to Mayer’s principles but also responded to the evolving landscape of educational technology and its impact on engagement. The addition of the Tree Worksheet as a supplemental activity was driven by a recognition of the diverse needs of learners. While our video and H5P activities served as primary engagement tools, the worksheet offered an alternative avenue for learners who may benefit from additional resources or approaches. It was about acknowledging that learners have different preferences and learning styles, and our aim was to provide a range of resources to accommodate those differences.

Taking our lesson outdoors, filming in nature, and encouraging students to explore trees in their surroundings was more than a logistical decision—it was an educational one. We believed that connecting educational content with real-world experiences could profoundly impact understanding. The decision to step out of the traditional classroom setting aimed to make the learning experience more authentic and relatable. It was about creating a connection between the lesson content and the world around us, fostering a deeper appreciation for the subject matter.

The collaborative efforts in the filming and editing processes were a testament to the strength of teamwork. Each team member brought a unique set of skills and perspectives to the project, enriching the final product. The collaborative process was not without its challenges, but it reinforced the idea that diverse skills and viewpoints contribute to a more comprehensive and well-rounded outcome. It was about leveraging our collective strengths to create a multimedia lesson that was greater than the sum of its parts.

In conclusion, our multimedia lesson on trees was not just a project; it was a deliberate and thoughtful endeavour to create an inclusive, engaging, and impactful learning experience. It was about more than just delivering information; it was about crafting an educational journey that resonated with learners on various levels, aligning with both established educational principles and the evolving landscape of educational technology.

References

Mayer, R. E. (2012). Principles of Multimedia Learning. Digital Learning Institute. https://www.digitallearninginstitute.com/blog/mayers-principles-multimedia-learning/

Weber, Lillian M. , Everett, Thomas H. and Berlyn, Graeme Pierce. “tree”. Encyclopedia Britannica, 24 Oct. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/plant/tree. Accessed 5 November 2023.

Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, et al. “The number of tree species on Earth.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119.6 (2022): e2115329119.

Butler, R. A. (2022, March 14). Types of Forests: Definitions, Examples, and More. Treehugger. https://www.treehugger.com/types-of-forests-definitions-examples-5180645#:~:text=Boreal%20forests%2C%20found%20farthest%20north,harbor%20incredible%20amounts%20of%20biodiversity

Image 1: https://images.app.goo.gl/KqWqns1N3pyhU5kH6
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Module 2 – Design Principles for Effective & Accessible Multimedia

2023-10-11 / addifowler / 2 Comments

In this module, I enjoyed exploring design principles for effective and accessible multimedia, and it was a truly enjoyable experience. This module allowed me to delve into the world of accessibility in design, unveiling the hidden complexities of living with a disability. As I currently work with kids with a wide variety of abilities, I am always looking for new ways to broaden my awareness of the intricate challenges that people with disabilities face regularly.

Furthermore, this module provided insights into creating effective PowerPoints and infographics. As someone naturally inclined toward creativity, the guidelines for crafting multimedia content boosted my confidence and allowed me to refine and practice my skills. It served as a platform to further hone my creative abilities and enhance my prowess in producing engaging and impactful visual materials.

My journey through Module 2 not only deepened my understanding of accessibility and its importance but also provided me with valuable tools to enhance my multimedia creation skills. It underscores the transformative potential of education in expanding horizons and empowering individuals to leverage their inherent creativity for the benefit of all.

Reflection Questions

What did you find when you ran the WAVE accessibility report on your blog post(s)? What did you expect, and what was surprising? Is there anything you will do differently going forward?

Running a WAVE accessibility report on your learning materials can be an eye-opening experience. It’s incredible how seemingly minor design choices can profoundly impact accessibility. The surprise often comes when you see just how many areas need improvement, such as contrast issues or missing alt text for images. It reinforces the importance of considering accessibility from the outset of the design process and not as an afterthought. I found that my site did indeed have accessibility issues, which I was surprised by as this was not something that I had thought about while writing my blog posts. What struck me the most was how small oversights, like insufficient contrast or missing alt text, can inadvertently exclude learners. It’s a reminder that accessibility isn’t an optional feature but an essential aspect of creating equitable learning experiences. Going forward, I’d make it a priority to ensure that my materials are not only visually engaging but also inclusive and accessible to all learners.

I’ve found text-to-speech tools to be quite valuable for individuals with visual impairments and for various learning styles. Trying out different voices highlights the significance of voice quality and pacing in facilitating information absorption. Observing how the narrator’s voice can affect the learning experience is fascinating. I tried out multiple voices, from Snoop Dog to robots, which made me reflect on how technology can bridge accessibility gaps and cater to various learning styles. It’s a testament to the power of inclusive design to make education more accessible and enjoyable.

Have you used Text to Speech tools before? Did you find it useful? Did you try out some of the different voices? What impact did the different voices have on your ability to absorb information?

The role of media and multimedia in a Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework is profound. They provide multiple means of representation, engagement, and expression, making learning more flexible and personalized. What’s particularly intriguing is how practices for creating accessible text, images, and video align seamlessly with UDL principles. It underscores the idea that good design and accessibility often go hand in hand, ensuring learners of all abilities can access and engage with content effectively. It’s a reminder that education should be adaptable, embracing the diversity of learners. When used thoughtfully, media and multimedia provide avenues for customization and engagement. I personally greatly appreciate video captions, as they enable me to comprehend individuals speaking with accents I’m not accustomed to, and also help me with word spellings and allow me to keep up on anything I might miss. What strikes me as particularly powerful is how the best practices for creating accessible media align seamlessly with UDL principles. UDL encourages presenting information in multiple ways to cater to diverse learning styles and acessible media, such as captioned videos, audio descriptions, and transcripts, provide alternative ways to access content beyond traditional visuals and audio. This benefits not only individuals with disabilities but also those who prefer different learning modalities. It reinforces the idea that designing for accessibility isn’t an extra step; it’s an integral part of making our lessons and designs.

What does inclusive design mean to you?

Inclusive design is more than a set of guidelines; it’s a philosophy that shapes how we approach education. It means creating a learning environment where every student feels valued and empowered. It’s about recognizing that diversity isn’t a challenge to overcome but a rich tapestry that enhances the educational experience. Inclusivity, to me, embodies the essence of equity and reminds us that our role as educators is to provide opportunities for all learners to thrive.

What do you think the presentations in The World’s Worst Powerpoint Presentations have in common? Which design principles and which other principles (Mayer’s, Inclusive Design, UDL) are they missing?

The humour in “The World’s Worst PowerPoint Presentations” is undeniable but also a moving lesson. These presentations highlight how easily design choices can lead to disengagement and confusion. These presentations tend to be cluttered with excessive text, graphics, and animations. They lack the design principles of simplicity and minimalism. Inclusive Design principles are also overlooked, as a cluttered slide can overwhelm some viewers, including those with cognitive or attention-related disabilities. Overall, these poorly designed presentations often share characteristics such as clutter, inconsistency, excessive text, and a lack of engagement. They tend to neglect design principles like simplicity, consistency, and visual hierarchy, as well as educational principles such as Mayer’s principles of multimedia learning, inclusive design, and universal learning design. As someone passionate about effective communication, it’s a reminder of the responsibility we bear as educators and designers. We must strive for clarity, engagement, and accessibility in our presentations, always considering the diverse needs of our audience.

Which design principles did you use to create your infographic in Canva? Which elements of a ‘good infographic’ were you able to incorporate? What other principles did you consider? What does the template make easier and what does it make harder when creating your infographic?

Creating an infographic is a creative and fun process and a lesson in effective communication. I’ve found that adhering to design principles like alignment and contrast can transform a complex topic into an easily digestible visual. However, I’ve also learned that while templates can streamline the design process, they sometimes limit creative freedom. It’s about finding the right balance between visual appeal and accessibility. I chose to make an infographic on gardening because it was silly and fun. It was nice that they have so many templates that are easy to navigate and fun to use, but I wanted to make my infographic simple and easy to follow. I focused on the accessibility aspects learned in the module and chose to make it uniform. Integrating alternative text for images becomes essential to ensuring inclusivity for those with visual impairments. It’s a reminder that design isn’t just about aesthetics and making information accessible to all.

My infographic:

For my infographic alternative text, I would include the following:

An image of an infographic with a light green and yellow colour palette is presented.

6 Steps to Gardening

Step 1: Choose a Location
Alt Text: “Illustration of a person standing in a garden, assessing the sunlight, soil quality, and accessibility. They are holding a rake and looking ready to take action.”

Step 2: Plan your Garden
Alt Text: “Illustration of a person standing in front of garden beds, holding a tray of more plants and a garden hoe”

Step 3: Prepare the Soil
Alt Text: “Illustration of a person in a straw hat with a shovel staring at the hole they dug in the ground.”

Step 4: Choose your plants
Alt Text: “Illustration of a person with a wheelbarrow full of plants”

Step 5: Planting
Alt Text: “illustration of a person holding a bag of plant seeds and tossing some of them into the hole on the ground.”

Step 6: Maintenance
Alt Text: “illustration of a person holding a hose and watering plants blooming on the ground.”

Graphic design is inherently visual – what additions or modifications could you make to ensure that learners with visual impairments have access to the same information in an infographic in an online setting?

Ensuring learners with visual impairments have access to the same information in an infographic in an online setting requires careful consideration and the implementation of accessible design practices. Some modifications we can make include providing concise and descriptive alt text for all images and graphics used in the infographic. Screen readers can read this text aloud, allowing learners with visual impairments to understand the content. Also, for physical access, incorporate sensory feedback into the design, such as tactile graphics or braille labels. Tactile graphics can be added alongside digital infographics to provide a tactile representation for learners who are blind or visually impaired. Other aspects include accessible color choices, clear and readable choices, and audio descriptions. By implementing these additions and modifications, you can make infographics accessible to learners with visual impairments, ensuring they have equal access to information online. This aligns with Universal Design for Learning principles and promotes inclusivity in online education.

References

Mayer’s 12 Principles of Multimedia Learning. (2023, June 2). Digital Learning Institute. https://www.digitallearninginstitute.com/blog/mayers-principles-multimedia-learning/

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Module 2: Design Principles for Effective and Accessible Multimedia